TROPICAL RAINFOREST OF SUMATRA

Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra

Inheritance is the Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra where the preservation of the Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra and the habitat of several endangered species such as Sumatran tigers, Sumatran elephants and Sumatran rhino which is the smallest rhino species and has two horns.

The area from Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra are all 2.5 million acres consisting of 3 National Park in Sumatra, namely Gunung Leuser National Park, Kerinci Seblat National Park and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. This place is also where many endemic plant species such as, bags semar, world's largest flower Rafflesia Arnoldi, and the highest interest Amorphophallus titanum. In addition to having high biodiversity, tropical rainforests of Sumatra are also a source of livelihood for the people who live there. Some tribes live in tropical rain forests of Sumatra, such as the Mentawai tribe and Anak Dalam tribe.

Tropical rain forests of Sumatra have always preserved. Especially from the threat of deforestation, the addition of forest for agriculture and road construction, and hunting. If the area is not protected, then the biodiversity that live there are threatened with extinction. In addition, tropical rain forests of Sumatra play an important role in the stability of water supply, ecological, and economic, as well as suppress the influence of drought and fire.

Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra

To that through the 28th session of World Heritage Committee, held in Suzhou PRC in July 2004, the Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra are accepted as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, as it is a protected forest area and home to about 10,000 species of plants, including 17 endemic genera , more than 200 species of mammals and 580 bird species and 465 resident and 21 are endemic. Among mammals, 22 is an orangutan, which are not found elsewhere in Indonesia and 15 are limited to parts of Indonesia, including Sumatra, Sumatran orang-utans. Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra has also provided evidence of the evolution of island biogeography.

Prominent part of the Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra located on the Bukit Barisan Mountains of Sumatra blend dubbed the Andes Sumatra Mountain Lake Seven is sepektakuler which is the highest lake in Southeast Asia beauty of Mount Kerinci, caves, and waterfalls make this place more appropriate for the Conservation and Tourism .


At least 92 local endemic species have been identified in Gunung Leuser National Park. This nomination contains populations of the world's second largest flower Rafflesia arnoldi and the highest interest Amorphophallus titanium, this place is very important for the conservation of special mountain vegetation of the property.

Source:  http://id.wikipedia.org


 



 

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SUBAK WATER IRRIGATION SYSTEM PADDY FIELDS ON BALI, INDONESIA

Subak is the name of water management (irrigation) system for paddy fields on Bali island, Indonesia. For Balinese, irrigation is not simply providing water for the plant's roots, but water is used to construct a complex, pulsed artificial ecosystem. Paddy fields in Bali were built around water temples and the allocation of water is made by a priest.

Subak is a traditional irrigation system that binds Balinese agrarian society together within the village's Bale Banjar community center and Balinese temples. The water managements is under the authority of the priests in water temples. However since late 20th century, Bali with its unique and rich culture has attracted travellers and tourist worldwide. It has become the crown jewel of Indonesian tourism. Subsequently the Balinese people's way of live and economy has shifted from mainly depends on agrarian and rice farming activity to tourism services. As the result, tourism facilities such as resorts and hotels has encroached deep into Balinese villages and paddy fields. Recently, about 1,000 hectares of paddy fields are converted into tourist facilities and housing annually which threatened the Subak system.

On June 2012, Subak has eventually been enlisted as a UNESCO world heritage site. 36th Session of UNESCO in St Peterburg has held on Friday, June 29th, 2012 at 17:30 local time. Bali Subak as they ratify the World Heritage Cultural Landscape area. Indonesia previously had fought for 12 years. Understandably, the tourists had already admitted Subak contribute to the beauty of rice fields in Bali such as Ubud, Gianyar, Tabanan and Badung. Cultural Landscape of Bali: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy forms a cultural landscape of five rice terraces and their water temples that cover 19,500 hectares. The temples are the focus of a cooperative water management system of canals and weirs, known as subak, that dates back to the 9th century. Included in the landscape is the 18th-century Royal Temple of Pura Taman Ayun, the largest and most impressive architectural edifice of its type on the island. The subak reflects the philosophical concept of Tri Hita Karana, which brings together the realms of the spirit, the human world and nature. This philosophy was born of the cultural exchange between Bali and India over the past 2000 years and has shaped the landscape of Bali. The subak system of democratic and egalitarian farming practices has enabled the Balinese to become the most prolific rice growers in the archipelago despite the challenge of supporting a dense population.

Source:  http://en.wikipedia.org/
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MANDAU DANCE, SYMBOL OF FIGHTING SPIRIT IN DEFENDING DAYAK TRIBE STATUS AND DIGNITY

Mandau dance of the Dayak community symbol of fighting spirit in defending Dayak tribe status and dignity. Mandau dance is one of the many types of dance that was born from the culture of the Dayak community culture in Central Kalimantan. Mandau dance is performed by men of four in pairs. Mandau is the name of a kind of sword in Kalimantan of a unique form and a beautifully decorated sheath.

The costume is very simple, consisting only of a loin cloth and a piece of ribbon with feathers round the head. Mandau Dance group dancers are often equipped with Mandau grip on the right hand, while on the left hand Talawang fend off the enemy as a shield Dayak tribes also appear sturdy tune Dancing Mandau Dayak tribes are shown.

The accompanying music is also very simple: only a string instrument like a guitar. The dancing position is for greater part a squatting one. First the dancers, turning round and round, play with their mandaus or swords and their shields. When each faces his partner, the war dance starts.

In addition to describing the patriotic citizens of the Earth Tambun Bungai to keep the homeland, Mandau Dance Central Kalimantan Dayak tribe is also a symbol of virility of the Dayak of Central Kalimantan in the face of all sorts of challenges in the areas of life.

In every show or dance offerings Mandau sound lacks rhythm and sonority Gandang Garantung very loud. Harmonization of the traditional music of these bring energetic rhythms, as if inviting them to hear and see Mandau Dance offerings even more excited as the Dayak warriors who are ready to jump into the battlefield.

TOR TOR, TRADITIONAL DANCE BATAK TRIBE NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA

Tor Tor is an awfully a fantastic traditional dance Batak tribe, North Sumatera, Indonesia.

  
These dance moves in rhythm with the music (magondangi) played using traditional instruments such as gondang, flute, trumpet Batak, and others. Historically, dance Tor Tor used in rituals associated with spirits. Spirit is invoked and "go" to the statues of stone (a symbol of the ancestors). The statues were then moves like dancing, but with a rigid motion. The movement is a movement of the foot (toe-toe) and hand movements.

Tor Tor various types of dance. Some are called Tor Tor Pangurason (cleansing dance). This dance is usually held at a big party.

 

Before the party starts, place and location of the party first cleaned by using lime to be far from danger.

Then there is the Cup Sipitu Tor Tor dance (Dance of the seven bowls). This dance is usually held during the inauguration of a king.


This dance is also derived from the seven daughters of heaven to bathe in a lake at the top of the mountain by an incoming Pusuk Buhit Sipitu Sasarung Piso (seven knife sheath).

KAWAH PUTIH, HEAVEN SPILLS IN THE WORLD

Panorama  Kawah Putih is an awfully truly a fantastic beautiful heaven spills nature in the world and fascinating, located in the tourist area of ​​Ciwidey , southern city of Bandung, within 46 miles or 2.5 hours from Bandung to Kawah Putih.  

From the entrance to the crater is about 5 km or can be taken approximately 20 minutes. Through the paved road winding with a view of the natural forest with diverse species of plants. Kawah Putih ( white crater) is located on a mountain called Mount Patuha.with a height of 2434 above sea level and temperature of 8-22 degrees Celsius, making the surrounding air is cool with the surrounding scenery is very beautiful, with a crater lake water is greenish white, in stark contrast with the white limestone around lake.

  

To Getting Kawah Putih

There are three ways to go there, from Mohammad Toha, Buah Batu and Kopo, but all of them are heavily traffic. If you're lucky, without traffic jams, you could be there in one hour from Bandung north, Kopo. But there is another route that you can take without having trouble with traffic but the road is very bad and you need a guide who knows the road very well, through Leuwigajah and Soreang. It takes longer than you need to go there, but it's free from traffic and the view is an awfully a fantastic. Along the way to Ciwidey there are strawberry fields. You can stop there to pick them by yourself for some price. About IDR 40,000 or $4 for a kilo.But it's cheaper to buy them in the area of Kawah Putih.

Long ago, people thought that the crater is haunted because many birds die instantly through this crater.
Then denied even this belief, when in 1837 a Dutch German scientist Dr. Franz Wilhelm Junghun who is also a Dutch planters who love nature conservation research and found that the awesomeness is caused by a burst of lava sulfur smell was overpowering. But when the discovery of the fact that people were not interested in making this place as a tourist attraction. Only after PT Perhutani developed in 1987, made Kawah Putih (​ White Crater ) area attractions in West Java. Water in the crater of this mountain of light and  also constantly changing. This is what eventually became the main attraction.  

Crater surface is generally rocky and sandy white color, so that the crater was later known as the white crater ( Kawah Putih ). Some researchers say that Patuha still active, so it found a crater glow still churned. Also found near this place a 5-meter deep cave once used as a sulfur mine. I wonder if some of the steamy crater of a sudden a lot, and visitors found to be coughed  from inhaling air that smelled of sulfur is very sharp.

 

Some activities to do in Kawah Putih  ( White Crater ) is: Prewedding Photos, Trekking, Horseback ATV Motor, Performing Arts and Culture. If you already know the wonders of nature Kawah Putih, would say nothing as beautiful as Kawah Putih ( White Crater ) crater. Because of its natural beauty, Kawah Putih often used as a Photo prawedding (very much), filming movies and soap operas. Even today in Bandung and the surrounding cities as well, if anyone would like prawedding photo, Kawah Putih will always be the top choice.The beauty of Kawah Putih (white crater) is difficult expressed in words. Kawah Putih was ever a place where heaven spills down to earth, so graceful, quiet, away.

July, August temperatures can drop as low 10 ° C in the daytime and at night 5oC. A breeze carries away the mist of concentrated sulfuric vapors away. Yell vigorously; purported to be forwarded by the echo of his padas walls to heaven. Around the crater during the dry season is quite easy to do; searching teriyang standpoints perhaps runoff from heaven.

Visitors will not stand for long exposed to the cold mountain air leaks into the bone marrow. Bandrek sips at a stall in the parking lot capable of providing a sense of warmth in the throat is dry.

 

The atmosphere of silence in the place will bring relaxed atmosphere. Your inner resonance with the environment is able to fill the battery life replenished.

On the way to the crater, we will pass the object of interest such as old railroad tracks, fields of yellow, green tea gardens and pine forests and wide. Direction of the line white crater you can go on to Situ Patenggang or camping to Ranca Upas, which is also the breeding of deer, or swim in the heated pool Ciwalini. Ciwidey road from the highway to the parking area near the crater, was slightly damaged, but it did not dampen White crater visitors intention to come there. From day to day visitors continue to crowd out and multiply. Perhaps because the roads are not cool to feel already the night, fear not, here are widely available accommodation that you can rent to stay. Go or go home from the crater do not forget to stop at the white strawberry plantations in the region Rancabali. There you can pick your own fruit to take home. 

PEKALONGAN BATIK MOTIVES, INTERACTIONS PEKALONGAN SOCIETY WITH VARIOUS PEOPLE OF NATIONS

Jlamprang Batik

Batik appeared in Pekalongan since around the year of 1800. According to history, Pekalongan Batik motives, like little tree motive was found in the year of 1802.

The significant development was estimated to happen after the big war in the year of 1825 up to 1830 in the kingdom of Mataram. This battle pushed the royal families and the followers to evacuate from the kingdom. They were then widespread eastwards and westwards as well. In those new regions these families and the followers developed batik that nowadays known as Pekalongan Batik.

Jlamprang Batik Motive

The interactions between Pekalongan society with various people of nations like Chinese, Dutch, Arabic, Indians, Malays and Japanese gave a big contribution to the dynamics of the coloring of batik art motives. As the result then several new batik motives that then known as the identity of Pekalongan Batik.

The motives are called Jlamprang Batik, influenced by the Indian and Arabian. Motive Jlamprang Batik is one of the most popular batik produced in the region Krapyak Pekalongan. This is the development of batik motif fabric from India Potola sometimes shaped geometric form of stars or of the wind and using the branch that ends a square. Batik is immortalized Jlamprang be one way in Pekalongan. 

Encim Batik Motive

Encim and Klengenan Batik, influenced by the Chinese. 

Encim Batik is highly influenced by the Chinese cultures, which can be seen in the colors composition which often represents the color combinations common applied in Chinese porcelene. Encim Batik is usually consists of 3 motifs; buketan, the Chinese symbols, and painting motif.

a. Buketan motive, usually applied in variety of colors such as famille rose, famille verte and many others.

b. Chinese symbols motive, usually represents the holy animals in Chinese culture such as hong bird (which symbolizes happiness), dragon  (which symbolizes precaustions), butterfly and many others.

c. Painting motive, which tells stories about chinese weddings, or inspired by the legend of Sam Pek Eng Tay, the story of lovers from different social classes which fought for their loves and destined to be together in death and turned to be butterfly. That’s why butterfly is believed to be the symbol of happy marriage in Chinese culture.
 

Encim Batik Motive

Klangenan Batik Motive

Encim Batik often applies kawung motif, sawat motif and lar motif because Encim Batik is also influenced by Solo-Yogya motif.
Other motif called Semarangan applies earth motif and well spread accross Pekalongan.  Some famous Encim Batik makers in Pekalongan are The Tie Siet, Oey Kok Sing and Oy Soe Tjoen from  Kedungwuni.

Batik Pagi Sore Motive

Batik Pagi Sore influenced by the Dutch and Hokokai Batik grown since the Japanese occupation in the second world war. Batik Pagi Sore motif were made by some Dutch producers in Pekalongan in early 1900, one of them is E. Van Zuylen. The product is known as van Zuylen Batik. Buketan motif with typical Dutch floras were commonly applied in Van Zulen Batik.  Some of the floras were Krishan flower, grapes and European style bouquet.

Some western motifs such as bridge, cupid (love symbol) horse shoe and klaverblad (luck symbol). Some legends like Snow White, Red Riding Hood, and Cinderella are also applied in Batik Pagi Sore motives.

Hokokai Batik Motive

Pekalongan Batik becomes very special because it is supported by hundreds of small scale entrepreneurs, rather than big capital companies. Since last decade until now, the biggest part of Pekalongan Batik is produced as home industries product. Consequently Pekalongan Batik has tight connection with the life of Pekalongan society.

During the difficult days Pekalongan Batik became the icon of Batik development in Indonesia that  never gives up against the dynamic developments of time. Today Batik has been the daily life of Pekalongan society and become one of the primary products of Indonesia. Pekalongan is now acknowledged as Batik city, the nickname given by a long tradition of Batik that rooted in Pekalongan.